縫紉(ren)就是把衣片縫合成服裝的工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。可分為手縫工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝、機縫工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝、特殊工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝等(deng)。

　　手縫工藝

　　采用(yong)(yong)手(shou)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)進行縫(feng)制(zhi)的(de)工(gong)藝。是中國的(de)傳統手(shou)工(gong)技藝。很多針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)法及其作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)尚不能用(yong)(yong)現代縫(feng)紉(ren)機(ji)替代。具有線跡精細(xi)、平(ping)整，針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)法豐富等(deng)特點，被譽為高檔(dang)工(gong)藝。　手(shou)縫(feng)工(gong)藝的(de)主要工(gong)具是手(shou)縫(feng)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)和頂針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)箍。絲綢等(deng)纖維(wei)較細(xi)的(de)織物宜用(yong)(yong)7～9號(hao)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen);鎖(suo)眼(yan)釘紐宜用(yong)(yong)4～5號(hao)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，一般毛料則用(yong)(yong)粗(cu)細(xi)適中的(de)6～8號(hao)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。

　　機縫工藝

　　采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉機進行縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝。具有(you)針跡(ji)(ji)整齊、工(gong)效(xiao)高等(deng)(deng)(deng)優點。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)藝有(you)以下(xia)幾種。①合縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(含兜縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng));將(jiang)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)組合縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)暗(an)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)組合或(huo)(huo)袋蓋(gai)、衣(yi)(yi)領、袖頭(tou)等(deng)(deng)(deng)三(san)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)翻轉部件(jian)。②包(bao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：以一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)包(bao)住另(ling)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，再作(zuo)第(di)二(er)或(huo)(huo)第(di)三(san)次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。有(you)明(ming)包(bao)，暗(an)包(bao)之別(bie)。一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)布服(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)不鎖邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)。③咬縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：由上(shang)下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)咬住中間一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，正面(mian)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)袖頭(tou)、腰頭(tou)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。④騎縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)織物縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)銜接(jie)(jie)(不疊(die)(die)起)，在(zai)銜接(jie)(jie)處緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)W狀線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)，使(shi)兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)布互(hu)相牽牢。一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)高檔服(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)襯布拼接(jie)(jie)和(he)收顙(sang)。⑤平(ping)接(jie)(jie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)織物縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)拼接(jie)(jie)，互(hu)為銜接(jie)(jie)補充。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)接(jie)(jie)長衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)部件(jian)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。⑥平(ping)疊(die)(die)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)織物縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)重疊(die)(die)，居中縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)襯布拼接(jie)(jie)和(he)收顙(sang)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。⑦來去縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：將(jiang)兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)疊(die)(die)合，先沿毛口(kou)(kou)正面(mian)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)狹縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(3cm)再在(zai)反面(mian)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)闊縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(約7cm)。多用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)單(dan)衣(yi)(yi)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合。⑧分(fen)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)疊(die)(die)合縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)分(fen)開，兩(liang)(liang)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)各緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)道(dao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)不易(yi)折(zhe)轉的(de)(de)(de)(de)衣(yi)(yi)料(如皮革)或(huo)(huo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。⑨坐緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)傾倒(dao)，正面(mian)作(zuo)第(di)二(er)次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)固(gu)定縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)或(huo)(huo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)。⑩分(fen)坐緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)先合緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，將(jiang)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)傾倒(dao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)分(fen)開，在(zai)分(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)上(shang)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)道(dao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。服(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)加(jia)工(gong)中多用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)布服(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)前袖縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、褲(ku)襠縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、后(hou)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。壓(ya)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(悶緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng))：上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)折(zhe)光，覆蓋(gai)下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，一(yi)次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成型(xing)(xing)(xing)。多用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)前后(hou)過(guo)肩或(huo)(huo)呈圓弧型(xing)(xing)(xing)、尖角型(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)(deng)部件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)接(jie)(jie)。漏(lou)落縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：明(ming)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)漏(lou)落于(yu)(yu)(yu)分(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)槽(cao)內(nei)或(huo)(huo)緊挨坐縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)沿，既(ji)能使(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)暗(an)藏，又能固(gu)定下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腰頭(tou)、里(li)襟等(deng)(deng)(deng)。卷(juan)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)：用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)卷(juan)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)腳或(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手指將(jiang)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)毛口(kou)(kou)卷(juan)光。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)單(dan)衣(yi)(yi)或(huo)(huo)衣(yi)(yi)里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)口(kou)(kou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。倒(dao)回針：在(zai)原線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)上(shang)往返縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)始末加(jia)固(gu)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)封(feng)口(kou)(kou)，叉封(feng)口(kou)(kou)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)帶襻等(deng)(deng)(deng)。

　　現代(dai)服裝加工的主要機(ji)(ji)縫設(she)備，除高(gao)速(su)平(ping)縫縫紉(ren)機(ji)(ji)(簡(jian)稱平(ping)縫機(ji)(ji))外，還有(you)多針多線包(bao)(bao)縫縫紉(ren)機(ji)(ji)(簡(jian)稱包(bao)(bao)縫機(ji)(ji))以及取(qu)代(dai)手工的開袋、鎖眼、釘(ding)扣、扎駁、復襯(chen)(衣面與(yu)衣襯(chen)組合(he))、裝袖、裝褲腰、打褶(zhe)等(deng)各種專(zhuan)用單機(ji)(ji)，并有(you)多功能(neng)自(zi)動調(diao)速(su)固體(ti)電路電子(zi)縫紉(ren)機(ji)(ji)問世(shi)。20世(shi)紀(ji)80年(nian)代(dai)，較先進(jin)的機(ji)(ji)縫設(she)備是自(zi)動縫紉(ren)系(xi)統(tong)，采用工業攝像機(ji)(ji)和電子(zi)計算機(ji)(ji)監控，能(neng)自(zi)動識別裁片的樣式，傳送并進(jin)行自(zi)動分類(lei)控制。